Techincally all the destroyers save the Mutsuki-class ships, are Fubuki's juniors.
All the ships that Fubuki is looking up to in the anime were all built before her. The Kongo sisters are the 1910s. The Nagato sisters are 1920. The Sendai sisters were built around 1925. Akagi and Kaga were finished not long before Fubuki was built 1928.
Shoukaku and Zuikaku are the ones built by 1941, but Fubuki doesn't seem to look up to Zuikaku.
The (outdated) list of the ship in history. Completion and sinking dates.
http://danbooru.donmai.us/posts/1553...gs=tatsumi_rei
(The list is over a year old so several shipgirls have been added since then)